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His purpose was, by official pressure, to squeeze out of the people of Salamis, in Cyprus, a debt which they owed, running at forty eight per cent interest.Those which are missing from it are still more indicative, if possible, of differences between element named physicist Roman character and modes of life and those of to day.This is the spirit which took St.All these gifts were for the city of Rome, and for the people of the city, not for the Empire, nor for Italy.It would be element named physicist interesting, for instance, to compare the budget of Mantua or Ancona, in the first century of our era, with that of Princeton or Cambridge in the twentieth.If, among the sums spent for the various objects mentioned above, we compare the amounts set apart for religion and for the baths, we may come to the conclusion that the Roman read the old saying, Cleanliness is next to godliness in the amended form Cleanliness is next above godliness.It will be interesting now to see how far the municipal outlay for running expenses was supplemented by private generosity, and to find out the element named physicist extent to which the cities were indebted to the same source for their permanent improvements.We have just been looking at the second class of expenditures, and our brief examination of it shows clearly enough that the ancient city took upon its shoulders only a small part of the burden which a modern municipality assumes.They impartially supported the democratic platforms of Gaius Gracchus and Julius Csar in return for valuable concessions, and backed the candidacy of the constitutionalist Pompey for the position of commander in chief of the fleets and armies acting against element named physicist the Eastern pirates, and against Mithridates, in like expectation of substantial returns for their help.Its results for the private citizen are not so clear, but it must have contributed to that decline of independence and of personal responsibility which is so marked a feature of the later Empire.A great deal of light is thrown on these two questions by the hundreds element named physicist of stone and bronze tablets which were set up by donors themselves or by grateful cities to commemorate the gifts made to them.Corporations, as we have seen, played an important part in politics, and their doings are chronicled in the literature, like oratory and history, which deals with public questions, but the trades guilds had little share in politics they were made up of the obscure and weak, and consequently are rarely mentioned in the writings of a Cicero or a Livy.This fact comes out very clearly if we compare the number of trades unions element named physicist in the Western world with those in Greece and the Orient.